Not A Wordless Wednesday Post…by Lisa Harmon

A Facebook friend, Goliath Laycock, made and offer to photoshop pictures of people’s dogs for them in really cool settings, for just $5 each. The proceeds go to buying dogfood for the ASPCA. And having been thinking lately about my late Kenai, how he loved cool autumn air and snowball games… well, here are the results:

He was such a beautiful boy, my Kenai.

And he was my first attempt to deliberately train a Great Dane to be an assistance dog.

I’d dabbled with previous ones; Taj, pick that up for me, or Shabah come have some love time when I was sad.

Just bits and pieces of tasks, before I knew there was such a thing as a service dog for someone who wasn’t blind. But Kenai was my first puppy with a pre-planned purpose.

It’s been nearly 5 years since I made up my mind to wander my way into owner training a service dog. Most lessons were learned the hard way, which I suppose, is why they stuck.

In the ten months since Kenai’s passing, I’ve really had to be careful how much or how deeply I thought about him. I refuse to entertain any sense of “failure”, or to allow thoughts that “if I had (blank) it would have created a different outcome”.

I know myself well enough to know that when I’m sorrowful, such sensations would be the first ones through the proverbial door, and the most intense. That’s just me, the PTSD‘s alterations to the functioning of my heart and mind.

I’ve had yogis say, and various others say, “just let the feelings come and wait for them to pass”. But they don’t pass for me. I admire people who can feel even intense feelings and recover relatively quickly. Unfortunately, I don’t: I become physically ill with fibro flares, migraines, hyper-reactive, the works.

So I do have to nibble away at feelings of loss, and shut those feelings down when they become so intense that I realize they will dig deeper ruts rather than weaken. Much the same way I came to try owner training, dealing with the loss of my boy loves has been in bits and pieces over time.

That’s okay. I can look at his pictures now. Misty eyed is okay, too.

I can look at the raging red leaves of the maple trees and think how much Kenai would have loved to pounce in the growing piles with a bit of a twinge rather than an urge to go to my room and cry.

Everyone has their ways. And it’s never a good idea to force yourself to “get over it” when you think you should. Only one’s heart knows when.

I actually love looking at these pics. Goliath’s “mom” did such a wonderful job. Kenai was beautiful enough to belong in the high end boutique window. At least in my opinion!

Memorials become testaments to the beauty that someone brought to our lives, and the wisdom they left us with. Even just a photoshopped picture or an open field can be a memorial.

I do miss him and his silly brother. The Brothers Grin. A yin and yang pair if ever there was one! Mr Majesty and Mr Goofy!

If you would like to have your pic’s photo-shopped, here is Goliath’s owner’s facebook page link. Just private message her, and upload the photos. Or you can go to her website if you’d rather. The cost is nominal, and the proceeds will buy a food for the ASPCA, so it’s a win-win for all.

https://www.facebook.com/goliaththegreatdane?fref=ts

http://furrealpetportraits.com/

Learning More All the Time

The tile is taking longer than expected, maybe going on until the end of the week.  But last Saturday night was the last one I have to spend sleeping in the kitchen, so the end is in sight. I’d love to put some photos up soon, though I have to wait for the photoshop software to come. I tried downloading it, but no dice, there wasn’t enough RAM in the new computer for a download that size.

Still, I can find pretty colorful pics to share here from the internet! This is a rug set I’ve bought for the various rooms. There’s the bedrooms and entryways and stuff that will need rugs. There’s a lovely echo effect with bare tile!

I wanted a 10×13 or bigger for the living room, but that’s hard to find with a latex backing. (I tend to trip on turned up and skidding carpets). I also want to get some fitted furniture covers, and insulated curtains next month. It may be August but fall and winter isn’t too far away.

I know…this is a blog for dogs, not home decorating! But that’s what I’m stuck doing, for the next couple weeks anyway.

Despite the current state of exhaustion, I figure it’s best to get done what I need to get done now, so I have the winter to rest. As said in an earlier post, I chose tile for it’s being waterproof and easy to clean–less work keeping the house clean for a new puppy.

The rugs I’m looking at, the furniture covers, even the paint type I chose (enamel) has the same purpose: easy to wipe off, or throw in the washer sort of products. The less time I spend scrubbing, the more time and energy I have for a new puppy next year. I found this great article about puppies in general, though it is geared towards assistance dogs. Being the science geek I am, this was my “cup of tea”. http://www.puppyprodigies.org/Early%20Learning%20Focus.htm

“The most influential time of a puppy’s life is between three and six weeks.  Fear is not present in newborn puppies.  It begins to develop slowly around five weeks of age, and increases gradually until it escalates in the fear imprint period during the eighth week.

Therefore, there is a window of opportunity between three and six weeks of age when anxiety levels in the puppy are the lowest they’ll ever be in their entire life.  Anything the puppy is exposed to between this timeframe will therefore be associated with low anxiety.”

Once again, this proves how terribly important it is to choose your breeder with the utmost care: that 3-6 week old socializing window is entirely up to the breeder to make the most of. The early exposures a puppy can have is limited only by creativity really, within the parameters of safety of course. For instance going to different dog parks for an unvaccinated puppy is terribly unsafe. But being wrapped in a blanket and carried into different stores or human environments during the course of those weeks (away from the litter) is an excellent idea.

If you are a breeder, please, please consider improving your early development skills for your litters. If you are looking for a puppy, consider choosing a breeder who uses these techniques. Puppies intended for pets or working dogs alike need the ability to cope with stress, to be unafraid of human generated noise, and accept frequent handling. http://www.puppyprodigies.org/Early%20Learning%20Program%20Highlights.htm

I’ve also been studying charts and graphs about Dane structure in much more detail than ever before. The Great Dane Club of America has an illustrated guide to the standard here: http://www.gdca.org/illustrated-standard.html

I still haven’t gotten the “show lingo” to penetrate my skull too well, though I’ve joined some Facebook owner handler groups to try and learn. They’re also a good resource for which judges like what if I choose to show the next puppy.

Since agility and dog sports aren’t an option for me to practice working with the puppy in loud and distracting environs, as well as accepting handling etc for the Canine Good Citizen test, that leaves showing as a possiblity. Or at least conformation classes.

Knowing the standard isn’t just about beauty though: this pic shows the structure a Dane should have. Variations like too long of a body, or a shoulder with the wrong angles has a direct effect on longevity, in terms of arthritis and joint issues. Even if you are only wanting a companion dog, rather than a working dog, the more you know about health and conformation, the more of the predictable orthopedic troubles you can avoid.

Danes don’t live long, and their prime working age period is short. Sadly, seven years is the average life span these days, so if a dog has good structure, and is well cared for, 10 years of healthy life isn’t too much to expect. That is, barring things like bloat or cancer, or those infernal ticks…

I’ve also updated the feeding and growth page to the right. The links were old and difficult to load now that the articles are archived. So I’ve put new ones up. And I’m still researching particular food brands, in the hopes of creating a list of foods that are good for giant breeds. Most recently, I’ve found the Innova large breed puppy is one of the very few “puppy” kibbles that has safe mineral and protien levels. The adult large breed is also spot on. http://www.innovapet.com/products/941

All the things I’ve written about lately have been ways to give a Dane puppy a leg up for becoming a working dog: early neural stimulation and socializing before 8 wks old for their temperment, being picky about their structure and conformation, putting the greatest time and effort into their training from 8-16 weeks old, too (as opposed to cleaning the house).

It may seem like I’m idle, with no dog to work with right now, but truth is, I’m gearing up. Educating myself, reading and studying, preparing the house to be as little effort as possible all have my end of the deal in mind: the right puppy choice, and the very best love, care, and training I am physically able to provide.

farewell my love…by Lisa Harmon

This is the last pic of Levi here in my home…13 wks old.

I have been very afraid for Levi. Aggression of any kind in a Great Dane is a worrisome, dangerous thing. There isn’t much time to correct it in a puppy before they are of sufficient size to do terrible damage. My greatest fear was he would have to be put down someday. It’s a horrible sense of responsibility…

Young master Levi has gone to a new home in Illinois (sigh). It was an agonizing decision process for me personally, as you might guess. But many a loving reader of this blog and many a wise facebook friend gave me the courage to give the little man a new home and a fresh start.

If I couldn’t teach him how to interact with people, perhaps he could learn it from other dogs? He seemed to crave canine companionship. Perhaps it was more need than want. Social mimicry is a powerful learning method for pups, and my hope was it would be how he could learn to interact appropriately.

He left a week ago today.

I had lost internet and phone service for a couple days right after that, so I was sweating blood, desperate for news of him. I probably would have driven his new owner bonkers, so for her sake I’m glad I didn’t have the means to be a pest!

But I soon learned…LEVI’S DOING WELL! He’s loving having puppies to play with, he’s learning quickly from them and the older dogs how to interact appropriately with both dogs and humans!

The relief is so strong it’s a physical sensation, and I can breathe again. It’s odd how I ceased to truly miss him when I got that news. I think him quite a lot, but not with the sense of loss and dread that I’d expected. It even softens the sense of failure, an awful decision of mine that could have come with a horrifying price for Levi.

I’m broke, of course. Spent all my savings and then some for him: roughly $3,ooo all total. And I’m back to square one about getting a Dane for service dog training. So I suppose it’s okay that I am the one paying for my own mistake. I’d much rather pay it myself than have the cost fall on an innocent little pup.

The struggle of the past weeks though has brought to my attention some wonderful, nourishing people who stood by me and sustained me with their kindness. Thank you Em, and the Denise’s, and Green Bean, and April, and…

There are now 3-4 breeders of outstanding quality that I’m following, and learning from. I likely won’t have the money or energy for a puppy (perhaps an older dog), until fall or next year. Still, I can “redeem the time” by learning and growing.

I’m considering asking my trainer if she would allow me to shadow her, perhaps becoming an unpaid assistant. And the knowledge base of the breeders I’ve been put in contact with makes my next choice less of a stab in the dark: they temperment test, they health test, they know working Danes inside and out.

So not all is lost. Oddly enough, an old saying keeps quietly popping into my head: you cannot gain until you have lost.

Puppy Fever, Puppy Needs, My Little Levi

Here’s a post that’s a slight interruption of my service dog training plans…puppy fever is puppy fever, ya know? There’s so much to decide before getting a new puppy, things to plan for and prepare for, that often get lost in the tides of puppy fever. But a wise owner will have thought about alot of things before the fat furball is in their lap!

Things like which food would be best, choosing between rawhides or nylabones, what size and cost of bed to get, types of toys, will the pup be allowed on the bed but not the couches…With a dog breed that can top 200 pounds it is essential to be consistant about what is allowed and what isn’t. A Great Dane can grow like weeds!

I had myself an outing to Petsmart. Puppies need more than obedience training; bones, beds, toys, food…

I found 2 foods I like (Blue Buffalo’s Wilderness Small Breed, and Wilderness Salmon) which have safe mineral ratios for a giant breed dog.

He also got an orthopedic bed that isn’t in the picture there. There’s a nylabone puppy chew, and a couple of bully sticks, since all pups have to chew.

Better a bully than the dining room chairs!

There’s a package of puppy bath wipes too, since I expect the little love will have to piddle or even poo in his shipping crate before he gets to the airport for me to pick up. (He’s coming from Hungary). A kong to stuff with peanut butter and freeze is always a great way to keep the fidgets at bay! And what little boy would be happy without BALLS to chase?

So I got most all of the dog loot. Still need a tracking harness and a backpack but that has to wait until I can take him to fit it. He’ll want a jolly ball or two, and maybe a few other odds and ends. But mostly, all that’s left is heavy duty cleaning of the house and carpets.

With all the posts about his specialized training, you might think I’ve forgotten the basics, like potty training and hygiene. Nope, me no forgot that, even if I’ve forgotten how to spell hygeine, hygiene, whatever. A boy needs baths, brushing, and nail clipping. Toothie brushing too.

The petsmart daycare is great but they require neutering, so that’s out. I’ve had people tell me I must neuter right away because adolescence will ruin his behavior and make him unsuitable to SD train…never, ever, once, a single time had a boy go that rangey and crazy before neutering. Teenage boys can be a pain, but they can be handled. Show dogs are intact.

Maybe it will happen with this boy; it’s always possible, so I’ll leave the option open if his teenage stage is horrible. I really don’t want to alter his normal bone growth by neutering early. Even dogs that are de-sexed go through adolescence. It’s a fact of puppy raising. So I’ll have to disallow the leg hike and other male behaviors. Done that before.

I still have to check out a couple more doggie day cares. I know one allows un-neutered dogs up to 6 mo old, which is fine. The day care purpose for me is for socializing a puppy. The neighborhood dogs aren’t the best behaved, and we get strays too. I don’t want him frightened as a little tots, which can become a problem later in public.

One of these is my Levi, at 3 wks old. I believe Levi is what I’ll call him. And I messed with the pic a bit, just because I think he’s worthy of being art…grin.

I’ve ordered an embroidered collar and leash set. Also a digital recorder to take places and record every kind of sound I can think of.

That will be part of the passive noise tolerance: we tug and chew and rest and do stuff while the grocery sounds and screaming kids play in the background.

The noise part will be the hardest for me: loud radios, the volume Mom listens to the TV, the recorded noise all can cause migraines, balance issues, and anxiety for me. But I can’t avoid it all and risk making him noise phobic when we go out in public.

I’m back to researching vaccines again, and tick controls. Found a non-toxic yard spray to think about, and also have to decide between Advantix or natural treatments. Our trainer, (my trainer is more accurate), knows she’ll see us in 5 weeks or so for puppy kindergarden, and fun outings together.

I’m just about ready to meet my sweet…

Color And Number Recognition for SDit

Between 8-16 weeks old, I begin training a little pup to recognize colors and numbers. By 4-6 months old, they should be pretty good at recognizing colors and big shapes. Dog vision is different, and they recognize blue and yellow pretty well. What we see as red or green is not the red or green we see. But like us, dogs can often recognize various shades of a color.

Teaching Colors for Tasks

Color recognition helps a service dog or service dog in training in many ways, from recognizing visually which soda I want (red soda or black soda is regular Coke or Coke Zero), to the walk/don’t walk signal at a crosswalk.

Great Danes in olden days hunted using both scent and sight, so I’m hoping to tap into this instinct, as “find it” is really just hunting.

If I’m not feeling well, a pup can learn to recognize that Pepto doesn’t look like Nyquil, and bring the one I ask for. They probably also use their noses to differentiate, but color is the main factor in recognizing an item from a distance.

So when I began teaching a tiny tot, I used construction paper for them to “target”. I say the color when putting a treat on the paper, to teach both the name of the color and to touch with nose or paw when I said the word. Then I will hold up the paper to say the word, get them to touch it on their own without a treat, then give a click/reward.

When they regularly touch, say the yellow paper, I will then add a blue paper the same way. Once both colors have been used alot, I will ask for one color while both papers are present. Hopefully the pup will have made the connection with the word and that color paper.

If not, I need to return to using an additional cue: I’ll say “yellow” and point, so they can go touch it, get their click, and a reward. Then I’ll say “blue” and point. After doing this for a time, I try just saying “yellow” and wait. If the pup goes to yellow, hurrah! If he’s thinking about it, but isn’t deciding I again point.

The idea is to lengthen the amount of time between word and cue to allow the pup to decide on his own which color is which. If the pup then starts going to the wrong color, I interrupt with a point, and practice the right one some more. Once a puppy has learned the two colors, targeting the color asked for regularly, I will add a third color, then a fourth and so on.

I also use objects that have the same shape, but are different colors, like the red soda and the black soda. Or white candle and yellow candle (unscented). With luck and practice the pup has gotten the hang of this by 4 months old.

Now those colors kick in as a task: find the red soda, or the blue deoderant, or the white blanket. I continue to click and reward the find, the touch, the pick up if they do it, and the bring if they do it as seperate steps. When a pup just automatically touches, picks up, and brings, they only need a click and reward for the whole chain.

This color recognition then branches out: ask for the yellow sock, the red towel, the black purse, the purple scarf, the oranges at the store, the prescription bottle with the blue sticker dot. Anything that helps a puppy seperate one item from another gives them tools to use in deciding which item you want.

Teaching Numbers for Tasks

Number recognition is also very useful for service dogs. I know a dog can read a clock: I had one that did. He’d look at the clock, see it was 9pm and he would get up, nudge me, and want to go to bed.

I use flash cards at first, the same way as the contruction paper for colors. Then I’ll use post it notes on doors or cabinets or the hallway wall for them to find and touch for their click and treat.

Next I begin using a big fake “clock” they can target numbers on, made of whatever’s around. A big paper or cloth with numbers on it that I can move the “hands” on is perfect. Larger is easier to see, so that’s where I start. A digital alarm clock with large numbers is also an option to train with.

A clock requires number recognition up to 12. If a pup just can’t seem to get double digits as 11 or 12, I don’t mind saying “one, one” or “one, two”, using the double digit numbers as a 2 number combination. This is easier for some puppies.

For people like me who have difficulty remembering things sometimes, or people with TBI (traumatic brain injury), strokes, and other cognitive struggles, a dog that can read a clock can remind you to take your medicine, that it’s time to pick up the kids at school, or time to get up from resting.

Typically the time related tasks need to be regular, part of a consistant routine for a dog to do them well. Like us, dogs become used to routines, and want to follow a usual order of activities. So recognizing the time doesn’t come out of the blue, it just becomes a cue for a part of their everyday routine.

Find It For Real

All that time spent teaching a puppy to identify and locate objects is now becoming a service dog task.

The “find it” games are still a game, but it’s find it for real about 16 weeks old. Not only do I want them to find the bag of chips on the c-store shelf, hey little buddy let’s pick it up, take it to the counter, and pay for it!

What’s happening at 4-6 months old is the seperate parts we practiced (find, pick up, carry, recognize numbers on $, and give to someone) are put together in a behavior chain. Now if I’m unfortunate and my pup doesn’t like to pick up or carry, at least he found what I wanted! I didn’t have to wander and waste my energy looking.

Since there are many steps, I will continue to click and reward each step at the beginning, but I am putting them in an order that will repeat itself over and over. With practice, these steps will become one task, buying a bag of chips, but not until they know what to do about that bag of chips!

It’s the same at the grocery: find it, pick up, put in basket over and over. My puppy may or may not happily want to do the whole series of behavoirs. Danes aren’t noted as natural retrievers! But the find it games will still help me. They will know what I’m looking for, and won’t let me pass by it, so there’s a big reduction in wandering.

If I’m really lucky, and my puppy has a good memory, he might be able to remember 2 or 3 items in that aisle. If so, I want to teach him to scan the aisle before we go, so we don’t have walking back and forth. This is a little Einstein, a puppy that can do that!

I’ve been told that Danes aren’t as smart as collies or labs, but that is foreign to my experience of them. All of my Danes have learned at warp speed, problem solved at a tender age, and had giant vocabularies with memory power to match.

So I will bravely venture forth where no furball has gone before…okay, maybe not so dramatic, but I’m gonna give that boy a try at remembering 2 or 3 items. In return he gets more love than he can stand. I’ll give him a chance to blow my mind! (And everyone elses’).

If he can so easily remember where he left every single toy he has, he can probably remember the green beans, tomatoes, and Ragu within 15 feet of each other. It’s the game mentality that makes it fun enough to want to do.

Read and Find Games

As a little 8-16 week old, I began to teach a puppy to recognize exit signs, bathroom symbols, and numbers like in our grocery store. If a pup takes to that easily, I want them to learn words commonly found on checklists.

Words like bed mean “pull up covers”, or “shoes” mean the ones laying on the floor go in the closet.

I’m hoping a pup can and will be a good reader since I have a tendency to be forgetful or get distracted while doing something and forget to go back to finish. A pup that can check a checklist for me would be a wonderful help.

How many times have I forgotten something on the grocery list? If the pup just doesn’t take to the game, that’s okay. They can learn to remind ME to check the list. But having stimulated the puppy’s visual learning centers during that 16 week early development, I belive a pup can surprise us with how much they can learn.

Nobody believes you when you say a dog can read–it’s not like I’m asking them to read the Twilight Saga and have a conversation about the plot! It’s just a visual cue to an action rather than a verbal cue.

It’s not such a stretch, really, considering we teach dogs both verbal “sit” and a hand signal for the same action. The puppy does not have an understanding of the written word until we teach them what it means. They will never know or care about grammar!

Many dogs are experts at recognizing visual cues in their environment. Great Danes were used for hunting, without human assistance. So they are very good at visual recognition, and that is a skill I can shape into a task.

The difficulty arises with a word like bed meaning to pull up the covers because it is a behavior chain: many steps to complete the task.

But my pup may already have mastered the pull up covers on a verbal cue. Now all I need to do is use that verbal cue with the written word until the puppy understands that written and verbal mean the same action.

You may have noticed that the verbal command has 3 words, and I’ve chosen to use one written word: the simpler, shorter the word, the easier it is for the puppy to recognize the visual shape.

Canned tomatoes can be “ctom” if that’s easy for me to remember. It makes no difference to the puppy if you teach them “green” means find the car. The puppy is recognizing a word in the way we do symbols.

When teaching to “read”, it is easiest if the puppy already knows a verbal cue to do something. Then all you need to do is have them look at the flash card word while you say the command. Making flash cards is as easy as printing words on cardstock.

If I want them to get the mushrooms from the pantry, I set that object and others they know out where they can easily touch the one I am teaching. Every correct touch, of course gets a click and a reward. It is simple targeting only now with a visual cue added.

When they easily do that, then I show the word only. I may need to add a silent cue, like tapping the object or pointing a time or two.

If the pup still isn’t making the connection, I show the card and then say the word some more. I will take longer and longer to use the verbal and physical cues until I don’t need to anymore.

Usually, a puppy that’s good at targeting will begin to offer a touch if I wait long enough, and I’ll know if they’ve gotten the word’s meaning. The very first time they get it right, there’s a top notch celebration! Then it’s a matter of repetition, both at home, and in a store or public setting.

Here are two documents; one is a list of objects to target, many of which a puppy can learn a written word for if you need them to, and the other is a household chore list which also can have a written word for an action. Feel free to download and alter to your own needs!

Dress undress household chores

find touch bring list

Feeding and Growth in a Great Dane Puppy

I have a page about feeding and growth in Great Danes, but now that I have a puppy coming in a couple of months (yay!), I’ve been updating my knowledge.

Great Danes and other breeds over 30″ tall have an astounding rate of growth as puppies. This puts them at risk for skeletal and joint problems that can be potentially life threatening.

There’s a worse than untrue myth that high protien foods will cause growth disorders in giant breeds. Let’s just think for a minute: if your doctor says you have osteoporosis, does he recommend you eat more meat and eggs?

The biggest contributing factor to HOD, Panosteitis and other bone growth problems is not protein, it’s minerals. Calcium and phosphorous in particular. There are vet studies going back to the 1970′s to prove it. Puppies that are fed a diet high in minerals develop what vets call “malabsorption”, and have greatly increased risks.

http://intl-jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/abstract/121/11_Suppl/S107 , or http://intl-jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/abstract/121/11_Suppl/S99 are 2 very good studies.

Excess protien can affect a Dane by causing diarrhea, and packing on more weight than their growing bones can bear up under. Many high protein foods have dangerously high mineral content too. This can obviously cause joint problems both as a pup and later in life, so limit the protien levels to around 24%. Some dogs handle up to 28% just fine.

As for minerals a ratio of 1.1% calcium and 0.8% phosphorus is considered ideal and safe. The top range that I will buy for a giant breed is 1.3% calcium and 1% phosphorus; higher than that and the risks of growth disorders goes way up.

***

 Another big factor in your male Dane puppy’s growth is when you neuter. Neutering before 18 months usually causes giant breed dogs to become taller, sort of weedy looking and lacking a well developed musculature. Not always, but most of the time.

I made this pic deliberately small, so you can see what I mean by “weedy” growth. It’s hard to tell the male from the female.

Testosterone has a noticable effect on the growth of males. It not only contrains bone growth in terms of height, but also produces more stout bones and proportional muscle bulk. I have not heard or found in research that females spayed young have the same alteration in growth patterns.

Typically an immature Dane is a rather gangly pup, looking a bit bony. Sometimes the back end grows taller than the front end, the head seems overly large for the body and the like. That’s okay, keep the puppy on the lean side for their joint health. If you see only the last couple of ribs, you’re good!

Young pups 2-6 mo old can throw a growth spurt at you like it was an Olympic sport. Big spurts can add 1″ in height and 5-6 pounds in a week. They will go to bed looking fine and when they wake up, they look like you’re only feeding them once a month! A couple of days, they look more normal again.

By 6 months old, they will be 80 pounds or more, so the wise will begin the good puppy manners the day they come home. It may be cute for a fat little girl or boy to nip and pounce on you, but don’t allow it or you’ll have big 100 pound regrets later. It won’t be cute then.

***

I’ve been through most every food on the market with my last two boys, being so sick and so prone to growth problems like splaying feet and knuckling.

This time around, I’m going to try Blue Buffalo brand, since I like to limit the grains and filler junk that can go into cheaper diets. Many dog allergies are traced back to grains, rices, and starches.

Most people tell you to avoid puppy foods, and I usually do, but Blue Buffalo Longevity puppy has a safe ratio of minerals for a giant breed. There are some others.

Greater caution should be used though with grain free foods, though, as the mineral content can be frighteningly high.

Blue Buffalo Wilderness, and Taste of the Wild’s fish based kibble are high end of the safe range of minerals for the grain free dog foods. I’ll probably at least try the Wilderness when he’s older and see how he grows on it.

Again, never just take someone’s word for it–check the analysis on the back of the bag for the calcium and phosphorus.

I would like to feed raw if it wasn’t such a time and energy consuming task for disabled me, or so expensive for pre-packaged raw foods like Bravo. It’s wonderful as a diet, with many health benefits. One thing to remember though, is red meat can be higher in minerals, though there are some amino acids and nutrients in red meat not found in white meats.

I rotate red and white meat based meals every 6-8 weeks or so when feeding raw, and I try always to stick with game and oily fishes. I prefer elk, venison, or bison for red meat. My personal choice of white meats are duck, wild turkey, or in a pinch, free range chicken. Salmon, herring, and sardines are fish high in omega fatty acids for healthy skin and coats.

I don’t get into the “food wars” that break out in many Dane groups and pages–find what is safe for your dog, the best your budget can allow, and the type of diet that fits your lifestyle. As long as you do that, odds are your puppy will grow slow, steady, and well!

Beginning Down and Sit

Capturing is the easiest method of informally reinforcing a down or sit. At some point a puppy will sit, so you click and reward them. Same with the down. All you have to do is watch. The first week or two a puppy is with me, that is how I reward the action, and being to put a word to that action.

When they begin to offer a sit while I make their breakfast, they get a word when the tush hits the floor, and a click/treat when they can get up again. They need to learn the words sit and down before I can expect them to do it when I say sit.

But now I’m talking about more formal training around 12 weeks or so; doing the action on verbal or hand signal cues. I am going to use Sue Ailsby’s training levels for formal obedience http://www.sue-eh.ca/page24/page26/styled/

To begin to teach sit, I will lure the little nose with a treat going backwards slightly over their heads. They will almost automatically sit to reach up and back for their treat. If they back up, I just practice with their furry bottom right in front of the couch or a cabinet.

I try only to lure with a treat 2-3 times, then I try it with a treatless hand. If I get a sit, there’s a click and several rewards as fast as they can take the treats. I try to get rid of the treat as quickly as I can, so I can reward rather than lure.

As soon as they have the word with the motion, I will click the moment the tucas touches, and the can get up to get the treat. Then we do it again: sit, fast click, up for treat. This passively teaches them the click not only means a reward but a release.

Over time I slow down the click and have them wait just a little longer, and  a little longer so I am sure they understand that click means the sit is over. But while they are learning it, I try to get a click in every few seconds–it keeps the short puppy attention span focused!

If I need to, I’ll get a sit, click fast and have a game of tug, or hugs, or crazy ball chase. Then they have to sit, get the click before a crazy ball chase. Or a sit before their food goes down. Or a sit before we go outside.

As they become good at it, I increase distractions: we sit outside in the park, or we sit in the parking lot, or we sit where other puppies are doing things (watching an obedience class). I won’t use sit much, since my next puppy will be a mobility service dog. But sit they must know!

Down is easy to teach from a sit: simply lure the nose down to the floor, and when the are all on the ground, click and treat them.

Again, after a few times I lure with a hand that has no treat, then give a fast click and let them get up to get the treats and affection from me.

Don’t underestimate the power of affection and play as a reward! Puppies have an innate sense of fun, and if the sit and down is part of a game, they will be game for it!

Gimme a down, click, chase down the bully stick. Gimme a sit, click and come get a lick of cream cheese. Try not to be too serious about teaching, or the pup will feel the pressure. Do what you need to do to make it fun for you as well, and you’ll get much better results.

I try to have the sit, down, stay, and wait solid before 16 weeks when I will take the pup to an obedience class. That makes the class more of a distraction ignore exercise than a place to learn sits and downs!

Picking up Games

Puppies mouth just about anything, Great Dane puppies included. This pic came from www.dogtraininggeek.com

Danes in general though are not great retrievers. So rewarding any mouthing of objects is going to be a huge priority for me. Retrieval and noise sensitivity are my two main worries about a Dane SD candidate.

I’ll have picked a puppy at 8 weeks that shows the signs of picking up and carrying, but that needs to be heavily encouraged. Toys, ropes, fleecy squeakers are typical for pups to pick up, but a service dog will be picking up metal keys, paper, wood, plastic…just a scan of the kitchen table reveals a large variety of materials.

MOUTHING:

So the idea is to get them first to mouth strange tasting and smelling items. Metal keys could use a smear of peanut butter to make them more appealing to try. An empty plastic medicine bottles with a smear of canned salmon oil might find itself licked half to death.

The mouthing is then rewarded further as soon as they’ve gotten the last itty bit off with some  peanut butter on my fingers, and more gets put on the keys. I want them to associate those unnatural surfaces and textures with something good to put in their mouth.

This is a great time to teach them the names of the things they are readily mouthing, to make it a game to ID it and mouth it. I set out 2-3 items they will now know the names of. things I will want them to retrieve for me someday

But once they know them, I’ll ask them to id them without the goodies to lick off. If they go to the one I ask for, then I will put the salmon oil or cream cheese on it for them. If I have to lure them a time or two to the item again, that’s okay to. They’ll learn!

PICKING UP:

The pup picks up a toy and the rewards come out! Heavy and fast reinforcement of picking up will set in their mind that this is THE thing to do, nothin better.If I start with them picking up items a couple feet away, I might, might get a bring when they come for their treats. If not and they drop it to come get the treat, carry/bring is a step of it’s own.

Some puppies will generalize mouthing those peanut butter keys to picking them up, and some will not. I wouldn’t be half surprised if I need to gently put the keys or the plastic bottle or small can in their mouth for a moment, then do some heavy duty click/rapid reinforcing with treats and playing with the objects.

Some items will likely be easier: never had a Dane that didn’t love running around with sticks outside, so a mop handle might well be an an “indoor stick” they get to mess with. I’ve always played a game called “blankie monster” with fleece throws, and even my refuse-to-bring dogs would pick them up to play.

CARRY:

Puppies carry their “trophies”, they play keep away, they hop around with a snitched toy

they love. That can be shaped into going from picking up to carrying something else if they have to work for that little mushroom can they’ve been allowed to play with before, so it then must be a toy of some kind, right?

The trick to rewarding a carry is to click before they drop it, or the reward is for dropping. I’ll have accidentally taught them not to carry. I can click and offer a bigger reward so they drop it on their own, or I can have them give it to me as I click, then treat them.

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